Carving-machine.



E. R. LOCHMAN.

CARVING MACHINE.

E. R. LCHMAN.

CARVING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED ocT. I4, 1905.

Patented May 4, 1915.

13 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

E. R. LOCHMAN.

CARVING MACHINE.

APPLICATWN FILED OCT. I4. 1905.

Patented May 4, 1915.

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. JM/ n@ mi @u @E E. R. LOCHMAN.

CARVING MACHINE.

APPLICATION man ocT.14. 190s.

Patented May 4, w15.

I3 SHEETS-SHEET 4.

E. H. LOCHIVIAN.

CARVING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED ocT. I4, 1905.

l 9 l 3&1 26 Patented May 4, 1915.

13 SHEETswsIIEET' 5.

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Patented May 4, 1915.

I3 SHEETS-SHEET 6.

E. R. EoHI/IANM 'Y CARVING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED OCT. I4, 1905. Ld.

,k hn l 40.., I mhmcm E@ E. B. LGCHMAN.

CARVING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED 001.14, |905.

Patented. May 4, 1915.

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cARVxNG MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED OCT. 14, 1905.

Patented May 4, 1915.

13 SHEETS-SHEET 8.

E. R. LOCHVIAN.

CARVING MACHINE.

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Patent@ May 4, 1915.

13 SHEETS-SHEET l0.

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E. R. LOCHMAN.

CARVING MACHINE.

APPLlcATloN FILED 0c.14. 1905.

13 SHEETS-SHEET Il.

Patented May 4, 1915.

l, n W NJA) E. H. LOCHMAN.

CARVING MACHINE. i APPUCATION FILED ocT. 14. 1905,

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fm/@L 05mm g y dll Patented May 4,1915.

E. R. LOCHMAN.

CARVING MAGHINE.

APPLICATION FILED 001214, |905.

i3 SHEETS-SHEET l3- HI IH I I I IJIIHS im, I

Patened May 4;-, 19"'15.

EMIL R. LOCHMAN', OF ST. LOUIS, MISSOURI.

Cannara-MACHINE.'

lSpecification of Letters Patent.

Patented May a, 1915.

applicati@ mea october 14, laos. semi-No; 282,354.

To all whom it may concern: y

Be 1t known that I, EMIL R. LocHMAN,

f citizen of the United States, residing at St.

Louis, State of Missouri, have invented certain new and usefulImprovements in Carving-Machines, of which the following is a full,clear, and exact description, reference being had to the accompanyingdrawings,

forming a part hereof.

My lnvention has relation to improvements in automatic carving machinesand consists in the novel arrangement of parts more fully set forth inthe specification and pointed out in the claims.

My invention has reference to a combined `automatic and handcarvingmachine, and the particular objects of my inventionare to applynew and original features, to produce a perfect machine which shallcom.- bine in one construction the essential features of both automaticand hand carving machines with particular view that the changes fromautomatic to hand operation and the reverse are'lnade quickly andeasily; furthermore to overcome the obstacles met within automatic asWell as .hand carving machines so far known, and to produce amachine'where the automaticaction of the machine will not only roughout, but also finish the work, so that only very fine conf tours andsmall details have to be by hand operation of the tools.

One of the principal features'of an automatic carving machine is alifting or retracting device, to lift the tracer and tools over anyprojecting edges or obstructions of the pattern, which may strike thetracer during the travel of the pattern past the tracer. The retractingdevices so far known were applied directly to' the tracer yor tool bar,but owing to`wrong principles and faults of construction these machinescould only be used for roughing out V the Work, the rincipal fault beingthat it would take too ong for the retracting deviceto act. The patternwould then be jammed tight against the tracer until finally theretracting device would suddenly jerk the tracer out and the momentumthereby imparted to the tracer and tools would cause them to leap orjump over and miss certain partsof the pattern and work, and thenthe-said tracer and tools would suddenly-drop Back gone over lhave histools and length,

onto the pattern and lwork, thereby breaking off certain pieces anddetails of the work and also damaging the pattern.

To overcome these diiicultiesl have prol vided devices whereby thereti-acting mechanism is regulated and controlled by an adceedjnglysensitive. a

ll have furthermore separated the retracting device entirely from thetracer or tool bar and have incorporated the same into the upperframe-work of the machine, so that this device can be made as large andpowerjustable spring, thus making the device exful as possible withoutinterfering with the g tracer or tool bar.

I have also provided a premere rod and exible transmitter between theretracting device and the tracer and'tools, so that the latter may beoperated freely in a horizontal and vertical direction entirelyuindependentof the retracting device. p f' Among other advantages, IgaineJ much greater vertical travel for the tools through myarrangement, thusallowing for much dee er cutting.

o operate by hand on long stock, on carving machines with horizontaltables, re-

uired the operator to bend and reach over t e front edge of the tableuntil he almost lay fiat on the work, thus losing control over "thetools and consequently losing much time.

To overcome this .difiiculty I `have .made arrangements so that theoperator can get in between the atterri ,andthe nearest piece of work,pre erably the piece to the left of the pattern, so that he canpractically walk in between the pattern and work and always underperfect control. The outline of carvings vary a great deal, oula7 -avery small percentage being. square or rectan lar, while most of themhave all kinds of s apes, and if they are laid between parallel linesmarking off their'extreme width covered by the carvingitself,

quently lose all' thetime they are runningV over empty space. Toovercomel this diliiculty I have provided a reversing device for thetable of the machlne, where the length iprhaps less than half of that yfor roughing,

of the stroke is varied according to the outline of the pattern so thatno time is lost by the machine, running over empty space.`

Among the further objects of my invention may be classed (1) aj variablespeed drive for the table, with special provisions for quick adjustment,and a deviceto gain a constant pressure between thel disk and thefriction wheel forming the principal features of the variable drive; (2)a vertically adjustable frame with long bars or rails to form a bed forthe reciprocating table of the machine; (3) a reversing devicecontrolledby a stroke pattern to vary the length of the stroke of thereciprocating` table of the machine according to the outline of thework, so lthat the tools will'not run over empty space; (4) acombinedand adjustable ratchet feed mechanism to 'graduallyfeed thetools transversely over the'work, or to feed or revolve the -Work pastthe tools as in the case of stock held in centers which is being cut onmore than' one side; (5) a feed adjusting lwheel coupled with saidratchety feed with special ydevices for a coarsey feed and a Afine feedforfinishing the work; special devices to quickly transform theintermittent ratchet-feed linto a continuous feed; (7) special devicesto dis: connect the feed mechanism of the table v from the feedmechanism of the tools; (8) a against the tracer safety stop forbothfeed mechanismof table' and tools; (9) a special arrangement ,cou-

pling the entire feed mechanism of the table and the feed-mechanism forthe tools or stock with the vertically 'adjustable bed, so

that the machine ma be adjusted to any thickness of stock; O) ayhighlysensitive' and very powerful retracting) device adaptedA to be geared,and controlled y-an adjustable spring; (11) a flexible transmitter andconnecting rod between saidretra'cting device and the tool bar; (12)special devices to lock the tool carriage against horizontalmotion uponits tracks during the automatic motion of the machine; (13) s ecialdevices to transmit the pressure o the pattern to the retracting device,said devices being adapted 4to allow the tools to be fed transverselyover the stock, and also allow a vertical motion of lsaid tracer andtools to a mu'ch greater extent than is possible with the 4knownmachines; (14) a special counter-balance for the tool-carriage withadjustable Weight and special devices to hold said weight in eitheradjusted position, so that in one position'of the weight, the toolcarriage is allowed to press the tracer and tools into `firm contactwith the pattern and stock, while( in the other position said weightwill fully counter-balance the tool carriage; (15) a special pressurebar with an adjustable extension-spring to assist in `pressing andkeeping the tracer and tools infirm contact with the pattern andl stock`and at the same time counteracting against the momentum ofthe tool-barin its upward motion; (16) special devices for an automatic sto saidpressure ar acting in conjunction with said device; (17) a special partor plate carrying the controlling features of the automatic stop aswellas other switching devices, thereby concentrating them handy for theoperator of the machine; (18) a special device to holdl the connectingarm of the ratchet-feed to the tool bar in position when said arm' isdisconnected from/.the-tool bar during the time the machineis used forhand operation, said device automatically discon-4 necting the feedmotion of the ratchets to said connecting arm; (19) a special device tolimit the downward or vertical motion of the tools and tracer; (20) anew and novel disposition of belts generally; (21) special devices fortakin up the slack of of the machine, the aforeeach individual belt,leading from the drive" shaft for all the tools, to the step-pulls for[each tool mounted on the tube or pipe orming the rear part of the toolcarriage; and (22) other details of construction'and design impartingadvantages which will fully tool; on the lower part of the right Fig. 2Sheet 2 is a sideelevation of the machine; Fig.v 3 Sheet 3 is a verticalsection' of the machine on line 3-3 of Fig. 1 showing the variable drivefor the stock frame, the general arrangement of the latter, and allMthel principal features of the retracting device in the I'uplper part ofthe machine; Fig. 4 Sheet 4 is a orizontal section on line.4-'4 of Fig.1 showing the stock frame withstcck boards and stro (e pattern broken,to leave a top plan of the entire driving mechanism for the table, thereverse device for the same, and parts of the feed device for the tools`and centers; Fig. 5 Sheet 5 is a section on line 5--5 of Fig. 3,showing the retracting device, the'lock for the' connecting bar of thetool-carriage and one of they belts leading from the main drive-shaft tothe step-pulley on the tool carriage for driving the tools; Fig. 6 Sheet6 is a section on line 6-6 of Fig. -1 showing a side view lof lthe partsshown in Fig. 51, the connecting parts between the retracting device andthe tool-bar, and relative parts; Fig. 7 Sheet 7 is a rear parts brokenaway to yof the friction clutch and'relating parts of stock frame, thefriction clutch attached tol same used for driving the feed mechanismthe retracting device; Fig. 8 Sheet 7 is a Sheet 3 is partlysectionpartly side view, 65

middle longitudinal section of the friction clutch of the retractingdevice with parts broken away; Fig. 9 Sheet 7 `is a section on line 9-9-of Fig. 8; Fig. 10 Sheet 7 is a middle longitudinal section of thestationary and movable countersunk bolts, and ball interposed betweenthem of the retracting device, bearings broken away; Fig. 11 Sheet 7 isa'section on line 11-11 of Fig. 10; Fig. 12 Sheet 5 is a half plan andhalf sectional front elevation of the lock for the truss-bar to lock thetool carriage; Fig. 13 Sheet 5 is a section on line 13-13 of Fig. 12;Fig. 14 Sheet 8 is a top plan view of the variable-speed drive for thestock frame, showingjvorm and worm-wheel connection for the driving gearof said stock-frame; Fig. 15 Sheet 9 is a section on line 1.5 15 of Fig.1 showing a section of the stockframe and the stroke pattern, part ofthe reversing device, the driving gear for the of the tools, and Vthemechanism for raising and lowering the stock frame; Fig. 16 Sheet 10 isan enlarged top view of the driving gear for the stock frame, thereverse-mechanism, and part of the feed mechanism for the toolsor-centers, showing their respective positions as they are mounted andcarried by supporting frame, parts of the latter being broken away, tobring out the various details; FigL 17 Sheet 1 0fis a section of Fig. 18on line 17-17 showing a side view of the feed-adjusting gear; Fig. 18Sheet 10 is a front elevation of said feedadjusting-gear showing theconnection with loose gear; Fig. 19 Sheet 10 is a section offeed-adjusting-gear; Fig. 20 Sheet 10 is a section of knob showing howitis mounted on feed-adjusting-gear; Fig. 21 Sheet 10 is a section online 21-21 of Fig. 16 showing part of the reversing-mechanism for zthestock frame; Fig. 22 Sheet 10 is a section on line 22-22 of Fig. 21;Fig. 23 Sheet v10 is a side view of the retaining hook; Fig. 24 vSheet1l is a sectional View of the driving gear, gear-casing, and parts ofthe reversing mechanism; Fig. 25 Sheetll is a front ele'- vation ofplate carrying ratchet, pawls, etc.,`

for the feed mechanism of the tools and centers; Fig. 26 Sheet 11 is asideview of Fig. 25; Fig. 27 Sheet 11 is atop view of Fig. 25; Fig. 28Sheet 11 is a section on line 28-28 of Fig. 25; Fig. 29 Sheet 11 is asection of one of the loose pinions carrying the operating pawls; Fig.30 Sheet 11 1s 'a front elevation of a bracket carrying the upper partof the feed mechanism for the tools; Fig. 31 Sheet 11 is a sideelevation of Fig. 30; Fig. 32 Sheet 11 is a section of Fig. 30 on lineB52-32; Fig. 33 Sheet 11 is a section on line 33-33 of Fig. 32; F-ig. 34

showing loose-gear disconnected, rod Vand ing it `inengagement withshaft being shown in side view; Fig. 35 Sheet 3 is a side elevation of'friction disk 23 and -foot 'lever shown broken) Fig. 36 Sheet '3 is asection on line 36-436 of Fig. 35 showing a top view of foot lever; Fig.37 Sheet9 is a front elevation of the tracer casing and connecting partscarried by tube forthe retracting device; Fig. 38 Sheet 9 is a sectionon line 38-38 of Fig. 37; Fig. 39 Sheet 6 is a sectional view ofpressure rod showingits various parts, and iiange for connecting sameto`the ceiling; Fig. 40 Sheet 8 is a sectional view of one of the headchucks for carrying the stock; Fig. 41 Sheet 8 is a sectional `view ofone of the tail stocks forcarrying the stock; Fig. 42 Sheet 8 is asectional view of double gear and bracket, also loose pinions formingpart of the feed motion for the head-chucks; Fig. 43 vSheet 2 is asection on line43--43 of Fig. 44 showing the counterbala-nce for themachine with parts broken away; Fig. 44 Sheet 2 isa section on line44-44 of Fig. 43 showing the connection of the counter-balance tostud;Fig. 45 Sheet 12 is a front elevation of the connecting members of the'tool bar and the reversing carrying various parts tooperate the beltishifter', and parts for changing the machine for automatic or handoperation; Fig. 48 Sheet 12 is a section on line 48-48 of Fig. ,47 Fig.49 Sheet 12 is aV section of handle and the various parts coperatingtherewith for operating the belt shifter,'showing position when themachine isstopped; Fig. 50 Sheet 12 is a front elevation of the ytightand loose pulleys, and shifter arrangement for the machine, showing thebelt shifter fork on the tight pulley and spring eX- panded;,Fig. 51,Sheet 12 is a side elevation of said pulleys and shifter; Fig. 52 Sheet6 is a top .plan of one of the carriers and bracket showing thearrangement of the idlers for belt;fFig. 53 Sheet 6 is a perspeci tiveviewof one of the collars for rod of the reverse mechanism; Fig. 54Sheet 13 is a front elevation of connecting arm with parts broken away,also showing a section of too'l'barand the arrangement whereby saidconnecting arm is pivoted and locked to said tool-bar; Fig. 55 Sheet 13is a section on line 55--55 of Fig. 54 with parts broken away to showthe feed screw; Fig. 56 Sheet 13 is a section on line 56-56 .of Fig. 54;Fig.. 57 Sheet 13 is a section on line l57--57' of F ig.V 58 Sheet 13showing the ball forced out of the counter-sunks (exaggerated position)whereby the retracting device is set in motion; and Fig. 58 is a diagram(side view) of the connecting members between the tool bar and theretracting device, to transmit the pressure exerted by the patternagainst the tracer, to the retracting device, said action being shown inexaggerated p0- sition in dotted lines. Fig. 59 Sheet 13 is a top planof one of the bolts and wedges to hold the stock-boards on thestock-frame; Fig. 60 Sheet 13 is a section on lirie6060 of Fig. 59. Fig.61 Sheet 2 is a vertical section of ring 290 showing hand screw 292,brake-block 293, anda side view of the front-fork f arm- 294 other partsbroken away. l

Referring to the drawing-s, F represents a/ suitable supporting frame, FIa part inter? posed between the.lower 'members of said frame andforming part of it.' B, B1, and

B2 are braces or connecting members for the upper part of the frame, thebrace B2 being connected to the frame by brackets B3. C is a bracketcarried by the extension X at the right side of theframe of the machine,P is a plate located below thesaid extension X. S is a plate carrying apart of the shifter-mechanism, and4 mounted on a bracket 34:1, of theupper framework of the machine.

The stock frame of the machine. is adjustable both vertically andhorizontally -as apparent vfrom the following mechanism: The

base of frame F has extensions in the front provided with bearings foradjusting screwbolts 1, 1, said screw-bolts having right hand threads,the rear part of the base of the frame F being likewise provided withbear.- ings for adjusting screw-bolts 2, 2, same having left handthreads.v Each screw-boltl is provided at the bottom of the screw.threaded portion with a nut freely rotatable about said portion, andresting on the frame, the upper ends of th'e bolts'being rigidly securedto theA supporting-frame '3, saidsupporting-frame 3 forming the tracksfor the stock frame, a support for the driving gear and reversemechanism for same, further a support for the feed mechanism for thetools and centers, and a rigid connection'with the frame of the machinethrough extensions 3 and 3 The periphery of each nut of said screw boltscarries a bevel gear 4, a pinion 5V meshing with each bevel gear.Extending from front to rear and carried by suitable bearings on theframevofjthe machine are shafts 6, 6, each shaft carrying pinions 5, 5,at each end, and each connecting a right hand and a left-handiadjustingscrew-bolt land 2. The shafts 6,y 6, carry sprocket i wheels 7, 7, asprocket chain 8 connecting said sprockets. A third sprocket 9 engagessprocket chain 8, said sprocket being carried' at the rear end of shaft10, thel front end of 33 acting on the rear part of shoe 28 brings saidshaft being provided with a handle 11. Shaft 10 is carried by adjustablebearings 12, 12, ,same being adjustedl to tighten sprocket chain 8. Itis evident that turning handle 11 in one direction will raise the 70stock frame, and turning inreversedirection will lower the same.The'foregoing arrangement has the advantage that the operator can adjustthe height of the stock frame without leaving his place in front of themachine. Plate P is rigidly connected to and forms the outer part of theextension 3 of supporting frame 3. Plate P and the outer part ofextension 3 are screw-threaded and carry boltsl, 13,said bolts extend--ing through slots 14, 14, in the sides of frame'- F. After the stockframe is adjusted to its proper height said bolts 13, 13, are tightenedto connect supporting-frame 3 firmly to the frame of the machine, tokeep the former always rigid, and in perfect alinement. y

vDrive shaft 15 carryingtight pulle s 16 and 17 and loose pulley 18enters the fsi'ame of the machine through a suitable bearing in thelower part of the right-hand side of the machine, said shaft 15 beingfurther supported by bearings 19 and 2O of .Ff Said shaft is'providedwith a groove 21. Key 22Y of friction disk 23 engages said 95 groove(see Fig. 35) said friction disk 23 being adapted to slide along shaft15 between bearings 19 and 20. Friction disk 23 is held between suitablebearings of fork l24, said fork carrying a stud 25, the rear 100 end ofyfoot lever 26v engaging said stud. Bolt 27 fastened in the floor formsthe pivotv of foot. lever 26. The front vend of said lever 26 isprovided with a shoe 28 having teeth29 engaging with the teeth ofsegment 105 30 bolted to the floor (Figs. 35, 36). Pin 31 forms thepivot of shoe 28; stud 32 holds spiral spring 33 in constant engagementwith the rear ,part lof shoe 28, so thatv the front part of said shoewith teeth 29 is held 11.0 in engagement with the teeth of segment 30.The oregoing arrangement is for the purpose of varying the speed of thestock frame, by adjusting friction disk 23 toward or away from thecenter of the driven disk 34 along shaft 15. The operator pressing hisfoot on the front end of lever 28, disconnects teeth 29 from teeth ofsegment 30;y lever 26 is then free to be adjusted toward the right orleft thereby increasing or decreasing the speed of the stock frame.v If

the proper speed is gained, then the operator v y releases his foot fromshoe v28, and spring said shoe in temporary engagement with the teeth ofsegment 30"`to retain said speed, until it is changed again.l Drivendisk 3e isl carried by the rear end of shaft 35 extending throughbearing 36 of F and bearj ing 37 in the front part of fthe frame of the13 mamas machine (Fig. 14) a plug 38 enters bearing 37.said plu beingprovided with a ange 39; al secon iangey 40 isv held by bolts 41, 41, tothe frame, a disk 42 of rubber or vother elastic material is interposedbetween the flanges 39 and 40. .Bolts'41, 41 are tightened to press thefla-nge 40 and plugl 38 tightly against the end of shaft 35, disk 42acting4 as a cushion to supply a constant elastic pressure for shaft 35and driven disk 34 against friction disk 23, for the purpose of gainingmore power and less wear on the friction disk 23. It may be sta-ted thatvplug 38 is bored out through its'center and supplied with a grease cup44 to lubricate its bearing surface.

Worm 45 is carried by shaft 35 and meshing with worm-wheel 46 drives thevertical shaft 47 said shaft being provided with a groove 48 engaged bya feather carried by worm-wheel 46.

The frame part F is provided with bearing 49 for the vertical shaft 47,and forms the lower half of a casing for said worm 45 and worm-wheel 46(Figs. 14 and 15). A cover 43 forms the upper half of said casing'saidcasing to be partly filled with oil to lubricate worm and worm-wheel.

Driving gear 50 is fastened to the upper end of vertical shaft 47;supporting frame 3 forms the upper half of a casing 53 for several gearscoperating with driving gear 50. An opening is left in top of saidcasing, 53 (see Fig. 24) for oiling and ready inspection of said gears,said opening is covered with lid 53. Part 51 forms the lower part ofsaid casing with bearing 52 for the upper part of vertical shaft 47. 51is an arm eX- ,tending to the left from the casing 51. Shaft 54horizontally disposed and held in bearings 55 and 56 carries the loosepinions 57, 58: the part of the shaft 54 between said pinions has agroove 61 and carries the en dwise movable clutch 62 having a featherengaging groove 61; a groove 63 is cut into clutch 62 for shifter 64,(see Fig. 24). Loose gear 65 is carried by shaft 54 and held in positionbetween loose pinion 58 and the wall of casing The front end of shaft 54is bored out to receive rod 66 holding a key entering through slots 67into the grooves 68, (see Fig. 34) of loose gear 65; rod 66 is providedwith handle 69' so that the operator may engage or disengage loose gear65 during the operation of the machine.v

The stock frame-The stock frame lof the machine is principally made upof the front bar 70, rear bar 71 and the two connecting bars or runners72, 72; cross bar 73 connects the two runners in the rearand is providedwith bearing 74 for the stationary screwf spindle 75; the reduced frontend of said vspindle 75 is held by bracket 76 attached to front baralkey 77 is used in the bearing of bracket 76'to keep the screw-spindlef chine.

from turning; the projecting ends of said screw-spindle are threaded andare provided with nuts 78, 78; said nuts may be adjusted so as to allowsome end movement .of the spindle 75 in its respective bearings. A nut79 is passed over and engages screw-v spindle 75, said nut forming agear and a short sleeve at either side of it. Said sleeves are carriedin bearings 80, 80 of supporting frame 3. Gear 65 engages the gear ofnut 79 and turning it'to the right or left will draw the screw-spindle75 rearward or forward through said nut, thus imparting thereciprocating motion to the stock frame.

The reversing me0ham'sm.-.-The reversing mechanism for the stock frameis composed of the following parts: Ro'clcshaft 81 previded with groove82 is carried by brackets l83, 84 fastened to supporting frame 3; a

long sleeve 85 is passed over rock shaft 81 and'engages same through afeather extending into a slot 82; 85 is an arm extending at right anglesupward from the left end of sleeve 85 and forms part of it (see Fig. 45)85 is grooved and carries a square rod 86; said rod is verticallyadjustable and is held in position by tightening hand screw 87; said rodis dropped below stroke pattern 98 after the automatic operation of thema- Rigidly mounted on rock shaft 81 near bearing 84 is lan arm 89; rod90 passes through a suitable opening in the lower part of arm 89; saidrod is providedwith an eye and coupled by pivot 91 to shifter 64,

said shifter being mounted on extension-arm 51 of casing 51 by pivot 92(see Fig. 24). Passed over rod 90, and located at either side of lever89 are compression springs 93, 93 and collars 94, 94"; said collars areprovided with extending noses 94 (see Fig. 53); said noses arealternately gripped by the retaining hooks 95, 95b to hold shifter 64in.either adjusted position; each of the said retaining hooks has anupward projection, and stub 95, compression spring 97 being passed oversaid stubs between said retaining hooks for the purpose of keeping thelatter in constant engagement with noses 94 of collars 94 (see Figs. 21,22, 23) both retaining hooks 95a, 95b have a common pivot 96 mounted onan extension to bearing 84; said retaining hooks are provided withvnoses 95 extending below said pivot 96 (best shown in Fig. 23).

Stroke pattern-A stroke pattern 98 is carried by the stock frame, saidstroke pattern being cut out according to the outline of the attern, tobe reproduced, to save the time of) the tools runningl over empty space,a great objection met with before in all automatic carving machines.Said stroke pattern iscut out step-like in strai ht lines at rightangles for the purpose o its proper operation which is as follows: (SeeFigs. 45, 46). The rod 86 extending through the stroke .pattern forms aconnection between the reversing device and the tool bar 99 through thefollowing parts: U-shaped bracket 100; its arms extending downward,

`carry flat steel sprin s 101, 101 connected by pivots 103, 103; saldsprings are rigidly connected to and carry block 102 at their 102,through which it isi'nserted; said block swings on springs 101, 101about pivots 103, 103; this swings'lever 89 forward at its lower end, bymeans of rod 90 and shlfter 64, this will couple clutch 62 with pinion57,

thereby imparting a forward motion to the stock frame, through theconnection of gear 65 and nut 79 engaging screw-spindle 75. Theretaining hook 95b keeps rod 90, shifter 64 and clutch62 in thisposition by engaging the nose 94 of collar 94', the forward motion ofthe stock-frame continuing until 4rod 86 strikes one ofthe squareoffsets of the strokepattern 98; this pushes said rod 86 forward asshown in dotted lines in Fig. 46,' and the lower end of the lever 89 tothe rear (retaining hook 95b still holdin the parts mentioned before inposition). t is .evident that the coil spring 93 interposed betweenlever 89 and collar 94b on rod 90 must be and is compressed until nose89 of lever 89 engages nose 95 ofretaining hook 95" there by impartingan upward tilting motion to said retaining hook about the p ivot 96, thecompression of said spring continuing until said retaining hook 95b islifted clear out of engagement with Iflange 94 of collar 94". At thatmoment the compressed coil spring 93 is released and exerts its pressureby pushing rod 90 rearward, thereby releasingy clutch 62 from pinion 57and engaging same with pinion 58 through shifter 64. Coil spring 97 withits constant pressure against the retaining hooks now presses retaininghook 95 into engagement with the flange 94 of collar 94, holding theshifter and various parts in position' during the rearward stroke of thestock frame, unt1l the above described motion of the various parte ofthe reversing device is again reversed. y

For the pur ose of clearer illustration clutch 62, as we l as hooks 95",95h are shown out of engagement. To start the feed motion of the,stock-frame, rod 90 is pushed backward until hook 95 engages nose 94,of collar 94, this connects clutch -62 with pinion 58 and starts thefeed' motion of the stock-frame as herein before described.

When during the lateral feed motion Yof the tool bar the rod 86 strikesone of the offsets 98 of the stroke-pattern 98 and the .tool bar is fedstill more sidewise, then' the springs 101, 101, bend as shown in dottedlines in Fig. 45, and remain in that position until the next step orrecess of the strokepattern is reached during the reciprocating motionof the stoc -frame, then said springs straighten out and rod 86 snapsinto the new offset, thereby shifting sleeve 85 along shaft 81, and thestroke is now controlled in its length by the last reached offset of thestroke pattern.

In case the operator wishes to stop the motion of the stock-framequickly a hand lever 104 is provided, being connected by pivot 105 tothe outer end of arm 51 of casing 51.l The shifter 64 has crescentshapedwedge-like projections 106 on either side, similar projections beingprovided for the inner sides of the arms of hand lever 104 embracingshifter 64,' the thicker parts of the wedge projections being outward.It is evident that if 'the hand lever 104 is thrown in that direction asshown in dotted lines in Fig. 24 it engages same and holds the shifterin a central position so that the clutch 62 stands between pinions 57,58 and is free from engagement with either of them, thus stopping themovement of the stock-frame.

Stock frame-I will now describe the stock frame itself and its variousparts. Supporting frame3 forms with its two long inverted V-shaped barsthe bed for the stock frame; runners 72 are shaped to fit said barsWhile the upper part of said runners are T-shaped; the front bar isrigidly connected to the front ends of said runners, while the rear bar71 is adjustable along said runners 'to accommodate various lengths ofstock; when said rear bar is adjusted to its proper position, it isfastened by tightening cap screws 1 07; thereby plates 108 grip theT-shaped surface of the runners 72. Looking at Fig. 4, it will benoticed that said runners are not located at either end of bars 70 and71 as found in such machines before, but are locatedsome distance fromthe' end. Two distinct advantages are gained thereby. First, .a morerigid alinement of the vstock 'frame along bars 3 during the operationof the machine,

and second','no inside braces are needed between bars 70 and 71 whenwork is held be-v and siX for the stock to be operated, said head chucksbeing composed ofI the follow-` ingparts: F ront bar is provided withbearings 118 (see Fig. 40), said bearings to receive hollow spindle withshoulder 110 resting against the face of said bar 70; the outwardextension 119 of said yspindle 110 is split in four parts and has atapered mouth to receive the head 111 of bolt 111 to be inserted intospindle 110. l y

Adjustmg plate 112 and the hollow cup shaped chuck 113 with spurs 113are passed over the front end 119 of spindle 110.v The rear end of bolt111 is screw' threaded and nut 114 forming a hand wheel, is screwed on,and tightening same against the rear end of spindle 110 forces the splitends 119 of the spindle into tight engagement with chuck 113 by drawingin head 111.

)Vorm-wheel 115 is passed over the rear end of spindle 110 and screwedtight on same, the hub of said worm-wheel forming a shoulder for bearing118. By loosening nut 114vthe split members 119 are released from thechuck, leaving the latter free to revolve about the former, and thuspermitting the operator to carefully adjust all the stock of the seriesin the plane of rotation of such stock, bringing the corresponding partsof each piece to be carved into accurate relationI to the tools, bywhich the carving is effected. Adjusting plates 112 are used to adjustthe stock longitudinally outward or inward in line of the axis ofsuspension by tightening or loosening adjusting screws 112. A series ofWorms 116 meshing with Wormwheels 115,v are disposed along the horizon-4tal shaft 120 attached to front bar 70 by bearings 117; mounted at theright end of said front bar 70 is bracket 121 with bearing 121 for saidshaft 12() (see-Fig. 42). The double-gear 126, 128 is carriedat the endof shaft 120 and engages the loose pinions '127, 129; an extending armofbracket 121 forms a. fork 122; bearing 124,Y is carried by said forkby means of pivots 123. Shaft driven from gears 255, 256 and shaft 206of the feed-mechanism hereinafter described is carried by bearing 124;loose pinions 127, 129, are carried next to said bearing, collars 131,132 holding said parts in position. The rear end'of shaft 125 is carriedvby bearing 133 of connecting bar 73. Shaft 125 is provided/with agroove 125'; a movable feather 130 with outward extending pin is laid insaid groove 125 between loose .pihionsf 127, 129; the hubs of. saidpinions facing each other are provided with slots, said pir` 13.0engaging slot of loose pinion 127. It `1's't'evident that said loosepinionV 127 is by the said pin 130 coupled to shaft 125, and pinion 126`being of the same size and meshing with pinion 127. the shaft 120 isdriven at the same speed as shaft4 125. This connection of gear is usedfor stock of smaller diameter, while for stock from eight to fourteeninches of diameter, the connection of gears 12S, 129 is used by shiftingthe feather 130 so that the pin. 130 engages the vslot of pinion 129,thereby shaft 120 is drivenl slower than shaft 125 at any ysuitablespeed, the present ratio being one to two. This arrangement pf gearsallows for the fine feed I need on my machine for iinishing the work.

The rear bar 71 of the stock frame carries the tail stocks 134 (see Fig.41) corresponding in number and location -to the headchucks carried bythe front bar 70. Said tail-stocks are provided with centers 134 attheir front, while at the rear end a shoe 135 is permanently mounted,said .shoe being provided-with an opening loosely embracing the screwthreaded -stud 139, the latter. being firmly screwed into the rear bar71. The shoe 135 is further provided with a semi circular flange 136engaging groove 137 of a nut 138, screwed onto the stud 139, said nutforming a hand-wheel atits outer periphery. It is evident from theconstruction that by turning nut 138 to the right or left saidtail-stock 134 is moved forward or against the spurs `\,113 of thehead-chuck.

After 'the'tail-stock is properly adjusted, the screw 140 passingthrough the screw thread at part 141 in the lower part of 71 and bearingagainsttail stock 134- is tightened, to hold said tail-stock firmly inits adjusted position during the operation of the machine. Y

Flat sfocia-I will now describe how 1 hold flat stock on the stockframe, such as panels. brackets, tops, etc. The top surface of bothfront bar 70 and rear bar 71 is' provided with correctly laid-'out screwthreaded openings 144 either two or more being used for each end of eachstock board 145 and the stroke pattern 98; screw threaded studs 147 passthrough the openings 146 of said stock boards and strokepattern, saidstuds being provided with slot148, thereby forming a head for the upperpart of said studs 147. After screwing said studs into the bars 7 0 and71 they areso adjusted that the head and part-of the slot 148 projectout above said stock boards; the wedges are then passed over said headswith their circular openings 149; they are then passed forward

